Frequently Asked Questions – Heat Pumps, Ducted and Ductless

A ductless heat pump, otherwise known as a mini split is a heating and cooling system that operates on electricity and heats and cools without ductwork. It consists of an outdoor condenser and one or more indoor air-handling units sometimes referred to as “heads” that are connected by refrigerant lines and electrical wiring.

Mini splits are highly efficient, often achieving SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio) ratings of 20+ and HSPF (Heating Seasonal Performance Factor) ratings over 10. They can save 30–50% on heating and cooling costs compared to traditional systems powered by fossil fuels.

Yes, most mini splits are heat pumps and offer both heating and cooling built in, making them ideal for year-round comfort in Massachusetts' climate.

Yes! New modern mini splits can achieve 100% of BTU output at outdoor temperatures of -5 to -15 degrees. These machines are designed and fully capable of heating your home throughout a New England winter. Many models perform well in Massachusetts winters with no backup heat required.

Depending on the system size and manufacturer, you can connect between 1 and 5 indoor units to a single outdoor unit in a multi-zone setup.

Each indoor unit typically has its own remote control or wall-mounted thermostat. Many systems also support smartphone apps and smart home integration.

No, mini splits are known for their quiet operation. Indoor units run as quietly as 20 30 decibels—quieter than a whisper. Outdoor units are routinely much more quiet than traditional A/C systems and can be placed near patios and relax areas without concern.

Installation is relatively non-invasive. It typically involves mounting the indoor unit(s), running refrigerant lines through a small hole in the wall, and placing the outdoor unit on a pad or brackets. This is why they are called “splits” the indoor and outdoor units operate independently but are connected.

Yes. In Massachusetts, mini splits often qualify for Mass Save rebates and 0% interest HEAT loans, especially when replacing electric baseboard or oil systems. A Whole Home rebate is available for up to $16,000 for enhanced incentives, $10,000 whole home rebate for other income levels, and a Partial home rebate of $1250 per ton for each system installed.

With proper maintenance, a ductless mini split or ducted heat pump system can last 15–20 years or more. Much like a traditional heating/cooling system, of course yearly maintenance is recommended.

A ducted heat pump is a central system that heats and cools air and distributes it throughout your home via ductwork—similar to a traditional HVAC system but using electric heat pump technology.

Instead of generating heat through combustion, heat pumps transfer heat from one place to another, making them more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly and safer to operate.

Often yes, especially if your ductwork is in good condition and properly sized. However, it may need modifications for optimal performance and efficiency.

Modern ducted heat pumps are very efficient, particularly when paired with variable-speed technology. Many qualify for ENERGY STAR ratings and additional government incentives such as tax incentives.

Yes. Cold-climate rated ducted systems can operate efficiently down to subzero temperatures. Backup heat may be recommended for extremely cold days or legacy duct systems.

Absolutely. Ducted heat pumps can serve entire homes and are especially suitable when zoned for different levels or areas of the house.

Upfront, they can be more costly, especially when new ductwork is required. However, in homes with existing ducts, the cost may be comparable or even lower

Routine maintenance includes changing air filters, inspecting ductwork, and seasonal checkups to ensure refrigerant levels and components are in good shape.

Possibly. Some heat pump systems are compatible with traditional thermostats, but smart thermostats designed for heat pumps are often recommended such as Eco-bee or Nest.

Yes. Like mini splits, ducted heat pumps can qualify for Mass Save rebates and HEAT loans at 0% and also rebates up to $16,000 when installed by a qualified contractor